Introduction to Indian Customs Duty Essay Example

Introduction to Indian Customs Duty Essay Custom Duty  is imposed under the  Indian Customs Act formulated in 1962  by the Constitution of India under the Article 265, which states that â€Å"no tax shall be levied or collected except by authority of law. So, theIndian Custom  Act was  introduced  that allow the Central Government to collect the taxes under the name of Custom Duty. Custom Duties are usually levied with ad valorem rates and their base is  determined  by the domestic value the  imported goods  calculated at the official  exchange rate. Similarly, export duties are imposed on export values expressed in domestic  currency.Export duties are levied occasionally to clear up excess profitability in  international price  of goods in respect of which domestic  prices  may be low at given time. But the  concept  of import duty is wide and almost universal, except for a few goods like food grains, fertilizer, life saving drugs and equipment etc. The Indian Customs Duties are major so urce of revenue for the Union Government and constitute around 30% of its   tax revenues. Together with  Central Excise duties, the contribution amount to nearly three-fourth of total tax revenue of the Union Government.Custom duty not only raises money for the Central Government but also helps the government to prevent the illegal  imports  and illegal  exports  of goods from India. The Central government has emergency powers toincrease  import or export duties whenever necessary after a  notification  in the session of Parliament. History of Indian Customs The Custom Duty in its present form dates back to 1786, when Bruisers formed the first Revenue Board in Calcutta. In 1808, a new  Trade Board  was introduced for  export and import of goods from India.Once again, in 1859 Customs Duties Act was introduced in which provincial import duties were replaced by uniform Tariff Act and was  applicable  to all Indian territories within the country. In the subse quent year several changes in the Custom Policy took places and are as follow: * Sea Customs Act was passed by Government in 1878. * Indian Tariff Act was passed in 1894. * Air Customs having been covered under the India Aircrafts Act of 1911, * Land Customs Act was passed in 1924. After Independence, the Sea Customs Act and other allied enactments were epealed by a consolidating and amending legislation entitled the  Customs Act, 1962  (CA). Similarly the Act of 1934 was repealed by theCustoms Tariff Act, 1975(CTA). Governing Body As per Section12 of the India Customs Act,  Custom Duty  is imposed on Goods, belonging to Government as well as goods not belonging to Government. Section 2(22), gives inclusive definition of ‘goods as Goods includes: Goods As per  Section12  of the India Customs Act, Custom Duty is imposed on Goods, belonging to Government as well as goods not belonging to Government.Section 2(22), gives inclusive definition of ‘goods as Goods includes: * Vessels, aircrafts and vehicles * Stores * Baggage * Currency and negotiable instruments and * Any other kind of movable property. Objectives of Custom Duties The customs duty is levied, primarily, for the following purpose: * Restricting Imports for conserving foreign exchange. * Protecting Indian Industry from undue competition. * Prohibiting imports and exports of goods for achieving the policy objectives of the Government. Regulating export. * Co-coordinating legal provisions with other laws dealing with foreign exchange such as  Foreign Trade Act,Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, Conservation of  Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Act,etc. Mode of Levy of Customs Duty Basically there are three modes of imposing Customs Duty: 1. Specific Duties:   Specific custom duty is a duty imposed on each and every  unit  of a commodity imported or exported. For example, Rs. 5 on each meter of cloth imported or Rs. 500 on each T.V. set imported. In this case, the value of commodity is not taken into consideration. 2. Advalorem Duties:  Advalorem custom duty is a duty imposed on the total value of a commodity imported or exported. For example, 5% of F. O. B. value of cloth imported or 10% of C. LF. value of T. V. sets imported. In case of Advalorem custom duty, the physical  units  of commodity are not taken into consideration. 3. Compound Duties:   Compound custom duty is the combination of specific and advalorem custom duties.In this case, the quantities as well as the value of the commodity are taken into consideration while computing tariff. For example, 5% of F. O. B. value plus, 50 paisa per meter of cloth imported. Decline in Customs Duty India’s  customs tariff rates  have been declining since 1991. The â€Å"peak† rate has come down from 150% in 1991-2 to 40% in 1997-98. The downward momentum was reversed the next year with the imposition of a surcharge. This momentum has resumed with the reduction of th e â€Å"peak† rate to 35% in 2001-2 and 30% in 2002-3

The Function of Prefixes in English Grammar

The Function of Prefixes in English Grammar In English grammar and morphology, a prefix is a letter or group of letters attached to the beginning of a word that partly indicates its meaning, including examples such as anti- to mean against, co- to mean with, mis- to mean wrong or bad, and trans- to mean across. The most common prefixes in English are those that express negation,  like a- in the word asexual, in- in the word incapable, and un- in the word unhappy - these negations immediately alter the meaning of the words the are added to, but some prefixes merely change the form. Interestingly enough, the word prefix itself contains the prefix pre-, which means before, and the  root word  fix, which means to fasten or place; thus the word itself means to place before. Letter groups attached to the ends of words, conversely, are called suffixes, while both belong to the larger group of morphemes known as affixes.   Prefixes are  bound  morphemes, which means they cant stand alone. Generally, if a group of letters is a prefix, it cant also be a word. However, prefixation, or the process of adding a prefix to a word, is a common way of forming new words in English. General Rules and Exceptions Although there are several  common  prefixes in English, not all usage rules apply universally, at least in terms of definition. For instance, the prefix sub- can either mean something below the root word or that the root word is below something. James J. Hurford argues in Grammer: A Students Guide that there are many words in English which look as if they begin with a familiar prefix, but in which it is not clear what meaning to attach either to the prefix or to the remainder of the word, in order to arrive at the meaning of the whole word. Essentially, this means that sweeping rules about prefixes like ex- in exercise and excommunicate cannot be applied. However, there are still some general rules that do apply to all prefixes, namely that they are typically set as part of the new word, with hyphens only appearing in the case of the base word starting with a capital letter or the same vowel that the prefix ends with. In The Cambridge Guide to English Usage by Pam Peters, though, the author does posit that in well-established cases of this type, the hyphen becomes optional, as with cooperate. Nano-, Dis-, Mis- and Other Oddities Technology especially utilizes prefixes as our technological and computer worlds get smaller and smaller. Alex Boese notes in the 2008 Smithsonian article Electrocybertronics, that lately the prefix trend has been shrinking; during the 1980s, mini- gave way to micro-, which yielded to nano and that these units of measurement have since transcended their original meaning. In a similar way, the prefixes dis- and mis- have come to slightly transcend their original intent. Still, James Kilpatrick claims in his 2007 article To dis, or Not to dis, that there are 152 dis- words and 161 mis- words in contemporary lexicography. However, many of these are never spoken like the word misact, which starts the mis- list, as he calls it. The prefix pre- also has a bit of confusion in modern vernacular. George Carlin famously jokes about the everyday occurrence at the airport called pre-boarding. According to the standard definition of the prefix, preboarding should mean  before boarding, but as Carlin puts it What does it mean to pre-board? Do you get on [a plane] before you get on?

Strategic Purpose and Industry Analysis in Tesco Company Essay

Strategic Purpose and Industry Analysis in Tesco Company - Essay Example After the recession of 2008, the revenue of this industry grew every year. This industry of UK helped many small and big retailers to solve their problems. One of the big players of UK supermarket industry is Tesco. It is a multinational company having it's headquartered in Cheshunt of UK. In1919 Tesco was founded by Jack Cohen. It opened its first store in 1929 and from that time the firm expanded its business rapidly. In the UK Tesco has 28% of market share in the supermarket industry. Tesco is experiencing success for a long time. The company has a strong focus on its business and strategies. The vision of the company is to remain constant but changing its business practices and strategies according to the changing world. The firm has major seven types of business strategies which help it to achieve its success. Its vision includes becoming the most valuable business by serving customers and communities with the help of committed and loyal staff and shareholders (Tesco Inc, 2014). It vision also describes that Tesco wants to expand all around the world by using all the opportunities. It believes in the innovation of modern ideas. The mission of Tesco is to become a full formed maintenance company from AMSS Company. The firm’s mission aims to be a wide ranged company providing tubular service. It has a mission of selling mechanized product along with different other products. The values of Tesco contribute a lot to its success and to hold its position in the competitive market. Its business value is to look after the benefit of the customers and treat every one of them equally. The company’s value is involved in every level of its business. Its values let the employees of Tesco know what type of business the company is into and helps its customers to build their expectations.   The strategies of Tesco help in utilizing the resources of the company and achieving its goal. Its short term  and long term growth are based on the company’s strategies (IBISWorld, 2014). Tesco’s strategy involves in building the company as a highly valued brand. For this propose the company develops its own label brands.

New Jersey Health Care Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

New Jersey Health Care - Assignment Example New Jersey has a mandatory overtime law for a number of reasons. According to the State of New Jersey (n.d), Workers in a health institution are not allowed to work overtime so that they can protect and maintain their physical conditions in regard to fitness, competence, their overall welfare, and also ensure that they maintain the health and safety of their clients. An example of an unforeseeable emergent circumstance whereby a nurse may be required to work overtime is an accident such as a terrorist attack. In such a case, a health institution may have more patients reporting with serious injuries than the staff can handle. A hospital nurse in New Jersey can agree or opt to work for more than the agreed hours per week if she wants to. A nurse is at liberty to choose. In emergency cases, the management should give a nurse utmost one hour to organize or plan the care of dependants such as an infant or an elderly individual (State of New Jersey, n.d). In my opinion, this is a moral obligation for the health institution since a nurse is more likely to be motivated by her duties when she contends that her family dependants are well taken care of. Having an alternative to discipline program for impaired nurses is of significance as such may affect the manners of the conduct of a nurse as well as her decision making. The law does not allow discrimination of any individual on the basis of his/her physical and mental impairment. Such an alternative discipline program ensures that the needs of the impaired are considered in disciplinary actions. Under the NJ violence prevention in health care facilities act, all health institutions are ought to institute plans of action geared towards deterrence of aggression and also institute an aggression deterrence team (Isele, 2008).

How Do Environmental Factors Impact Managers and Leaders of Essay

How Do Environmental Factors Impact Managers and Leaders of Organizations - Essay Example The paper tells that an organization’s internal environment is of great importance, and lays out such strategic plans that guarantee that all internal factors are working properly and in nice coordination. The internal environment is defined as â€Å"the conditions, entities, events, and factors within an organization that influences its activities and choices, particularly the behavior of the employees†. The internal environment is defined as â€Å"the conditions, entities, events, and factors within an organization that influences its activities and choices, particularly the behavior of the employees†. Internal factors mainly include the mission statement, leadership, the organizational culture comprising of employees and management, and resources. These internal factors have a direct influence on managers and organizational leaders and will continue to influence in future because they have to make strategic decisions that satisfy all these factors. For example , managers and leaders must make sure that their employees are working in harmony with each other with fewest possible organizational conflicts. Research suggests that the major causes of workplace conflicts are stress, reduced budget, short deadlines and heavy workload. Whatever the cause, it is necessary for the managers and leaders of the organization to deal with the conflicts efficiently to improve teamwork and productivity. This will be more important in future because of the increasing competitiveness in the market. The external environment of an organization consists of all those elements in the remote, industrial and external operating environment that impact upon the design of its strategic plans and define its competitive position in the market.

Effects On Children Of Alcohol Dependent Parents Social Work Essay

Effects On Children Of Alcohol Dependent Parents Social Work Essay Whenever a question arises, like what are the effects on children of alcohol dependent parents, we all have the option to put forward a few answers and to set this topic aside. Alcoholism is also known as a family disease. Alcoholics may have young, teenage, or grown-up children; they have wives or husbands; they have brothers or sisters; they have parents or other relatives. An alcoholic can totally disrupt family life and cause harmful effects that can last a lifetime (Tetyana Parsons, 2003). Life is something what we have to pass over moral values and good living examples to the next generations. Since we all belong to family, we can never ignore the relevance of family life, and in family children are supposed to get the primary consideration and caring. But in an alcoholics family, the most affected group will be their children. Parents who abuse alcohol could cause a negative impact on their childrens lives. Feelings of anger and neglect can follow a child throughout adulthood and have a detrimental effect on his relationships with others (Bogle, D. 2010). Dustin Bogle, an experienced fitness instructor, nutritionist and fitness article writer, gives some major problems that occur to alcoholics children. Aggressive behavior is one of the first characteristics that a child might develop from having a parent who abuses alcohol. The aggressive behavior of children may lead to academic failure and serious social problems. As the second one, he mentions warning signs. Children may show warning signs of having an alcoholic parent. They may act out in anger with other children, or might find them lying about things. When scolded, children may become scared of their parents finding out, or they may be causing trouble because they want that extra attention that they are not receiving at home. The environment that the children are placed in is often unpredictable and chaotic. This is the third point he puts forward. The oldest child in the group is taking care of the other children while the parenting skills are lacking. Other children may become trouble-makers, and some resort to isolation, often becoming shy and unresponsive to other children. The last observation of Dustin Bogle, probably a crucial one, is the cycle of addiction. It is a very common and dangerous occurrence, and lot many dilemmas are attached with this as well. Criminal acts, teen pregnancy and other mental and emotional issues may arise. The children may become institutionalized in either jail or a rehabilitation center. Children may also be taken out of their home if the alcohol abuse becomes really bad, or they could be put in foster care or end up living on the streets. Alcoholism is a widespread disease, and it has deep rooted health related issues and severe long lasting consequences. The funniest thing in regards with alcoholism is that still it is being considered as a medium of socialization. The behaviors of parents are the guidelines of their children, and it doesnt matter whether it is good or bad. Amber Keefer, a famous health related article writer who has more than 25 years of experience in the field, is presenting some very good information in this particular matter. Fear, low self-esteem, self-blame, injury/illness, financial effects, and changes in Family Structure are the effects that she suggests for a review. If we can have a deeper look in to each point, we can see that all these points are very relevant. Children of parents who abuse alcohol often live in fear, primarily because they are abused or neglected when a parent is under the influence of alcohol. They may witness domestic violence against the other parent, their siblings or even other adults living in the household. Children who are frightened for their own safety may suffer from anxiety, sleep disturbances and depression. Children often develop low self-esteem when one or both parents abuse alcohol. When parents are more preoccupied with alcohol abuse than their parental roles, a child may not get the sense of security he needs to develop healthy self-esteem. Children often blame themselves when a parent abuses alcohol. They think that it must somehow be their fault if a parent uses drugs or drinks too much alcohol, and that will result in the loss of their self-reliability. Children can suffer injuries or health problems as a result of a parents alcohol abuse. If a pregnant woman drinks alcohol, the baby can develop long-term health problems. The unsanitary and unsafe situation at home may lead to certain type of illness and injuries. A family with an alcohol abused parent will definitely have economic consequences, and that family will be forced to live a low income life. Such a situation may develop an inferiority complex in children. Separations and divorces may happen in such families and those incidents will create even more stress and confusion for children. A child who is being raised in a single parent house hold, may not get proper care or even unable to get better developmental opportunities. Patti Kelly a freelance writer and registered nurse with many years of experience in pediatrics, geriatrics, public health and preventive care have made some serious observations on this topic. She is describing the effects under certain specific classifications; they are: psychological, educational, economical, social and developmental. Denial, anger, shame, anxiety, hopelessness, self-neglect, shame and isolation are a few of the psychological consequences noted in children of alcohol abused parents, and a sense of security and positive outlook are difficult to establish for such children. Children of alcohol abused parents are at an increased risk of learning disabilities, poor school attendance, and they are also more likely to be expelled, be institutionalized or drop out of school. An alcohol abused person is always in a risk of being either unemployed or under-employed and lack of income results in an overall decrease in the familys standard of living and can lead to difficulty meeting basic needs. The children of an alcoholic may be ashamed to go out in public, and such shame and fear may also prevent them from having friends over. Trust and security are being considered as the promoting agents of promote healthy development and a family with alcohol abused parent can never provide such a situation at their home. Physical and sexual abuses are also more common when there is a parent who abuses alcohol, and these factors, may negatively impact a childs normal development, making children more prone to suicide, anxiety, eating disorders and depression. As a part of this research, it is very important to note about the treatment side of the alcoholism. As I mentioned earlier, alcoholism is a disease which requires specific treatment, even though there is no medical treatment for that. But alcoholism is a treatable disease and many treatment programs and approaches are available to support alcoholics. Motivation is the major portion in treatment of alcoholics, and other important step is the self-decision. We can categorize the treatment in different steps, they are, commit to stop drinking, set goals and prepare for change, withdrawing from alcohol, find new meaning in life, plan for triggers and cravings, get support and getting started on treatment. Although it is not that easy to achieve, a powerful will and support from others, the goal is so close. The importance of this research is that what the role of a teacher in this issue is. Since the group I have taken into consideration here are children, and only because of that without any doubt I can say that a teacher can do wonders in this particular issue. Motivation is the better medicine for this and a teacher can do it very easily. Normally, almost all the parents are too much concerned about their children, and a teacher will get lots of opportunities to have detailed observation and discussion with parents. A teacher can include the topic alcoholism in their monthly meetings, and they can conduct one on one meeting with parents in which they can collect details of their family. The moral support for the children is the greatest part in this, and the teacher is the best ever person who can provide that. All the above finding and studies are giving us a clear picture of the consequences that could happen to the children of alcohol abused parents. If we can have quick look, we can see that the alcoholic abuse of parents has strong influence in their childrens future. Psychological, educational, economical, social and developmental issues can be counted as the major problems of the children of alcohol abusing of parents. Even though there is no medication, treatment of alcoholics is very important. Since a teacher has an influential role in a childs life, a teacher is supposed to pay more attention in giving moral support to children. For me, preparation of this research paper was an exciting experience. I am sure that the pieces of information that I shared here is just like a drop of water from an ocean. Although I had a chance to do a survey in this subject before, I was quite ignorant about its consequences fully. Most of the information that I gained through this research is really worthy. If we can do a little bit more deep research, definitely there are a lot more issues that we can find. The importance of peer groups and communities in the treatment of an alcoholic is a relevant question that I would like to rise. As the alcoholism is a social disaster, what are the steps that could be taken by the official authorities, in order to have control on this, is the question that I would like to ask. As an ECE student what I can offer is my moral support to the children those who are having this issue, and my effort to educate the society in regards with this dangerous problem.

Homeless Citizens? Essay -- essays research papers

Homeless citizens are often considered a burden, more over, society’s burden. The down-and-out seem, to the average citizen, to be habitually on drugs, or prone to violent behaviour. Should it not be our responsibility to help those who can not help themselves? That is just it, some of the impoverished are living under such appalling conditions that they can not pick themselves up onto their own strength. I have a few questions that I would like the average person to think about regarding the homeless: Why are they on the streets? What can they do about it? Is this society’s dilemma and should society lend a selfless helping hand to clean up the streets? These are just a few questions that I will attempt to give my opinion on and if one does not agree that they may, without prejudice, hear what I have to say. I hope that one would honestly take to heart the value of a human life. People all have a living, breathing soul in need of some sort of ‘fire’ in or der to kick-start their life back together. A man without a home is lost. To wander the streets with no hope is possibly one of the loneliest situations to be in. There are many reasons why a man is homeless. I was chatting with a homeless man once, he told me one of the main reasons he was on the street was due to cocaine use. He lost his family, job and everything he owned due to cocaine. The man did not go into detail about how he became addicted to the drug, or how long he had been on the streets, but just listening to this poor soul talk was depressing. According to him, he hated cocaine, but he could not kick the habit. Selling everything for the next hit is horrible. He never told me his name, but I could see in his eyes a lack of will to live. In his mind, life from that point in time was hopeless. That brief conversation was a totally spontaneous occurrence of a man trying to get some change; I lied and said that I did not have change on me. I could not trust him, I did not want him to use the money for cocaine. That is one reason why this human being and many others are living poorly. The poverty rate is extremely high in the United States: In 2000, 11.3% of the U.S. population, or 31.1 million people, lived in poverty (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2001). While the number of poor people has ... ...ty's homeless families. "We have to recognize the costs and failings of our own best intentions," Bloomberg said. "This morning, some 38,000 people -- including 16,000 children -- woke up in city shelters." Bloomberg pledged to reduce the homeless population by two-thirds, and to plow savings back into housing programs. He has earmarked $12 million to seed these programs, but his aides acknowledge the eventual cost will run into tens of millions of dollars. (Powell) This city has the right idea, and even though we ourselves as one person can not do anything of this magnitude, we can always request and support the city when opportunities like this arise. Aside from these large scale efforts, all we have to do is lend a smile or a small helping hand. Our communities would be safer and more pleasant to be in, if only we took the effort to lend a helping hand. If a normal man was in the ratty old shoes of a poor man for just a day, he would expect no less.

Describe the Benefits of Mobile Technology Essay

Nothing is beyond human imagination. If we had been told just five years ago that we would be able to see the person on the phone, we would not have believed it at all. Today almost everything is doable thanks to the technological progress that has been made in the last 20 years. We are now able to access any kind of information at an incredible rate and communicate with people regardless of time and space with mobile technology. Despite having several drawbacks that some people are growing concerned about, mobile technology is an indispensable aspect of human life in terms of comfort and abundance of facilities it offers. Doubtlessly, enhanced mobile technology is a golden opportunity for all humans to get the utmost enjoyment of life in comfort. Initially, the latest technology lets people do what they cannot imagine. For instance, they are able to connect to the Internet at far greater speed through wireless service and make video calls on their mobile phones with â€Å"3rd Generation (3G) Technology†. Moreover, 3G also enables them to use their phones for entertainment purposes as well. That is, they can watch and download videos as if they were using their laptop computers. Secondly, mobile technology has increased the speed of accessibility to sources. Humans are no longer obliged to go to libraries and flick through the pages of numerous (countless) books, journals or magazines. This means, with only one click, you can have access to a great deal of information such as articles, pictures, statistics, latest news and videos. In brief, today’s mobile technology presents a vast world where any source of information is available. Mobile technology also organizes our relations with others in both private and work life. To begin with, thanks to our laptops and mobile phones which have been made smaller and smaller in appearance, we are able to store any information we will use. To illustrate, it is possible to save birthdays, anniversaries or important meetings in our computer and mobile phones so that they can remind us of these dates in due course. Another advantage that mobile technology grants us is making our work life easier. That is, we can overcome the problems stemming from a hectic work life and heavy work load. To exemplify, we have the opportunity of keeping in touch with our colleagues instantly when something unexpected occurs through either with our mobile phones or the Internet connection on the computer. Likewise (Similarly), we can deal with the hundreds of pages of documents on the laptop with ease instead of keeping their hard copy in many files. This, undoubtedly, facilitates our lives and we can save our invaluable time without getting exhausted. To sum up, having an advanced mobile technology has many advantages such as comfort and easiness. As a means of communication, mobile technology is a sine qua non of our daily lives and it offers a variety of facilities that make our lives easier. In my view, without advanced mobile technology, it is virtually impossible to cope with the challenges of life since it guarantees an organized and systematic life style.

Growth Of Asian Economy essays

Growth Of Asian Economy essays World War 2 in the mid-90's drew a hard blow and left a serious and lasting effect to many Asian countries. This however, did not hamper the growth of countries such as China, Japan and Vietnam as their government were taking serious steps to recover economically. Thus, the global market cannot deny a place for these 'Asian Dragons', because these countries are growing at a tremendous pace to the extent of being capable in emerging as global market leaders. China's capitalism and boom was born when their president, Deng Xiaoping permitted the provinces to dismantle their communes and collective farms. This led China to venture into free-market economics, although they were still under the communist political system. When President Deng announced that they needed Western money and expertise, China flung their trade doors wide open and China went on a capitalist drive without ever looking back. By mid 1960's, the Chinese Revolution settled down to the job of ruling China. Its main goal was essentially nationalist: a prosperous modern economy. While there continued to exist substantially economic inequalities, distribution of wealth was probably a bit more equal than in most Western countries. (Moise 171) While there were great variations in income between different villages, and between different jobs in the urban sector, the overall averages showed a clear pattern: the cities were much richer than the countryside. Most capital investm ents were going into urban industries. The urban workers, using considerable amount of heavy machinery, had a much higher average level of productivity compared to the rural workers. The natural consequences were for the city people to arrange themselves an average income level twice as high as that of the people in the countryside. The most obvious way to attack this poverty problem was to increase production, in all sectors of the economy. Though the easiest way to increase production was to in...

The Affects of Emotions on Job Satisfaction and Commitment in the Workplace Essay Example

The Affects of Emotions on Job Satisfaction and Commitment in the Workplace Essay Example The Affects of Emotions on Job Satisfaction and Commitment in the Workplace Essay The Affects of Emotions on Job Satisfaction and Commitment in the Workplace Essay The Affects of Emotions on Job Satisfaction and Commitment in the Workplace ?The workplace is an environment filled with all kinds of people and personalities that come together and work for a common goal. Since it is rare that two people will have the same personality types, workers will always have different ways to solving problems and finding methods to complete tasks. Whether workers express how they are feeling openly or keep to themselves, emotions have an effect on job satisfaction and commitment. Both positive and negative emotions will affect how a person will describe their satisfaction with their job (Fisher 185). Depending on their emotions, workers will either be more committed at the workplace or less committed, and this could change daily. ?Sometimes, emotions can affect a workers commitment while on the job; a worker could have other things running through their mind and might not be as focused as they should be. Even though some emotions affect their commitment in the workplace, it is their emotions that are caused by things outside the workplace that affect their performance in the workplace. A worker could have carryover stressors that arise from problems at home andthose stressors are brought with them into the workplace (Schieman, McBrier and Van Gundy 138). Some daysemployees might be angry because they have so many things to do and not have enough time to do it, or worried about something or someone. When employees do allow their emotions that arousefrom home to affect them while they are at work, doesn’t necessarily mean that they aren’t going to work, it simply means that they will not be as focused because it is affecting their work-role (Schieman, McBrier and Van Gundy 138). This isn’t hard to understand either because as more and more women are joining the work force every day, many families have to share the household roles, as each has their own work roles as well. This means that men as well as women, have a larger amount of responsibility in their everyday lives and sometimes that can spillover intoworkplace causing some employees to allow this to affect their work. And while this affects job commitment, it also affects a workers job satisfaction. When discussing emotions in the workplace, one needs to realize that emotions can change very quickly, and workers could even feel different emotions at the same time. The New York Times did a survey in 2005, finding that employees that were closely supervised and isolated were feeling depressed in the workplace. Much of the satisfaction that employees get from the workplace comes from the work itself (Fisher 188). Emotions can change very quickly, an employee could be happy until their boss comes u p to them and tells them that they have to turn in a file by five o’clock, and the employeehasn’t even started working on it yet. When non work stressors spillover into the work place it can also affect job rewards and status (Schieman, McBrier and Van Gundy 141). When an employee doesn’t feel like they are achieving much in the workplace, it can lead to a decrease in job satisfaction. Emotions easily change from positive to negative or the other way around, and depending on the moment an employee’s satisfaction will differ, however it is highly unlikely that a worker will both very unhappy and very happy at the same time (Fisher 188). So job satisfaction depends on worker and how they feel about going to work. Obviously those who enjoy going to work and enjoy what they do at work will have a high sense of job satisfaction. While those who are stuck in a cubicle all day and don’t communicate with anyone won’t have the same sense of job satisfaction. ?I have had a job where I could not stand the thought of going to work, knowing that I would be doing the same thing as I did yesterday and it wasn’t going to change. In high school, I worked for my best friend’s father and he hired me as an assistant file clerk. My job was to make sure all the bills were paid for and filed in the correct folder. I sat at a desk all day, away from everyone else at the office and had to do the same thing everyday all summer. I just got bored from doing the same thing over and over every day for two months straight. Whenever I got the chance I would leave my desk and go see what everyone else was doing mainly because I just needed to break the monotonous work I had been doing for hours. It just seemed like everyone who was working there, hated it. Everyone was doing their own thing and really wasn’t interacting with the other workers in the business. I just didn’t understand how someone can hire all these people and not allow them to exchange ideas or ways of doing things. ?In all, emotions have an important affect on job satisfaction and commitment in the workplace. Workers want to have a job that is they believe is meaningful and makes them happy. When emotions are brought into the workplace from outside sources, it will affect how an employee performs in the workplace. The happier a person is the better that person will perform and the more committed they will be in the workplace. References Fisher C. D. (2000) Mood and Emotions while Working: Missing Pieces of Job Satisfaction? [Electronic version]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 185-202. Schieman S. , McBrier D. B and Van Gundy K. (2003) Home-to-Work Conflict, Work Qualities, and Emotional Distress [Electronic version]. Sociological Forum, 18, 137-164.

Boundary-Less Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Boundary-Less Company - Case Study Example The application of change management in the company can lead to resistance to employees. Motivation is an important factor that can encourage and influence employees to be efficient and enthusiastic. Some of the staffs that are working at Siemens thrive on responding to challenges and prosper on the problem-solving part. The employees of the company feel valued and believe that they are provided opportunity and motivation to be imaginative. An extraordinary level of performance culture can exist in the organization when every member value contribution of each other and share the same vision and trust. According to Klaus Kleinfeld, CEO of Siemens, the overall operations of Siemens is based on high-performance team culture. Moreover, Kleinfeld also believes that the valuable resource of the company is the quality of teams and people who are rightly involved in the part of success. The success of the business is dependent upon the performance of the total organization, teams, and each individual. The performance and productivity of the organization can be dependent upon leadership style and application of effective leadership strategy. This prime purpose of the paper is to provide a vivid explanation of the performance-based working culture of Siemens. The study of social administrations and organizations such as bureaucracies and businesses is known as the organizational theory. Moreover, it is also studying interrelationship with the background of operation. Furthermore, it also complements the study of organizational behavior, leadership, industrial psychology, human resource studies, and management. The application of organizational theory can create a huge influence on the complete performance of any organization. The role of management is to make resources productive by managing managers, workers, and business.

A cold way to get a job - Emerging Trend Research Paper

A cold way to get a job - Emerging Trend - Research Paper Example For smaller organizations, the process of selecting the right candidate is much simpler as they review the resumes they receive until that time when they find the appropriate candidate for their position. Modern tracking systems are programmed the way that enable them to scan for keywords, former employers or the years of professional experience of the candidate. This help the companies to rank the applicants on the first step of the recruitment process. Those candidates who earned low scores do not pass on the next level. However, tracking system has its pitfalls. It sometimes misses the most- qualified candidate, because that person does not include the keywords from the job description. Moreover, the idea of the system is not in replacing the human screeners entirely. It simply allows the experts to narrow the field of search to the one that hiring manager can handle. In addition, the recruitment specialists state that the only successful method of getting a job for the candidate is to obtain the referral from a previous company employer. As it was stated before, small companies usually do not deal with tracking systems, but still the job seekers are often surprised when they do not hear back anything from small organizations. These companies rarely use an applicant-tracking system, as it is cost-effective, instead they use a well- trafficked job board to gather hundreds of responses. To help the applicant to find the job of his or her dream, hiring specialists recommend different methods. Every job advertisement is different and it requires the applicant to make sure one understands each requirement. That is to read carefully the  whole  announcement to make sure one follows all the requirements to apply. What any tracking system and them hiring specialist would notice is the accuracy of the entered information. Here spell check and proofread are essential,